Adamantane-type drugs are widely used in pharmacology as antimicrobial, antitumor, immunosuppressive, hormonal, hypoglycemic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and neurotropic drugs. The review summarizes information on preclinical and clinical studies related to the treatment of various vascular pathologies. Assess the prospects for using memantine, amantadine, a number of innovative drugs for the prevention and treatment of stroke and cardiovascular diseases.

The paper is devoted to various aspects of the organization of drug pharmacokinetics research both at the preclinical and clinical levels (bioequivalence study, therapeutic drug monitoring, optimization of dosage regimens), as well as the arrangement of work and equipment (instrumentation, chemicals, premises, personnels) of the pharmacokinetic laboratory.

The effect of intraperitoneal administration of the nootropic drug phenibut (70 mg/kg) and atomoxetine hydrochloride (3 mg/kg) on the neurochemical parameters of dopaminergic and serotonergic systems in the brain structures of C57BL/6 mice was studied by HPLC/ED. It was found that under in vivo blockade of L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (DAAA), both drugs in the selected doses did not affect directly on biosynthesis processes of both dopamine and serotonin in the prefrontal cortex and striatum of rodents. The observed effects of phenybut and atomoxetine hydrochloride, in comparison with the used D₂ receptor ligands quinpirole (0.1 mg/kg) and sulpiride (25 mg/kg), suggest the absence of direct participation of dopamine autoreceptors regulating the functional activity of dopaminergic synapses.

In this work, the features of the formation of the epileptic system in male and female rats, depending on the stages of the estrous cycle, were studied on the model of focal cobalt epilepsy. It was found that in male rats at the stable stage of the first stage of development of the epileptic system, Epi activity (the number and duration of discharges per minute) is most pronounced in the contralateral and ipsilateral cortex, and in female rats, the leading brain structures involved in the generation of EpA depend on the phases of the estrous cycle. In the diestrus2 phase, in females, the leading structure generating EpA, as in males, is the contralateral cortex, and in the proestrus and estrus phases, which are characterized by a high content of sex hormones, in females there is a significant predominance of EpA in the lateral hypothalamus and dorsal hippocampus.

The aim of the work is non-invasive identification of the features of the initial atrial activity by the dynamics of the cardioelectric field on the surface of the chest of experimental animals under chronic exposure to doxorubicin. Materials and methods. The distribution and dynamics of changes in cardioelectric potentials on the surface of the chest of rats under chronic exposure to doxorubicin during the period of initial atrial activity were investigated. Doxorubicin was administered intraperitoneally 1.5 mg/kg once a week for a month. The cumulative dose was 6 mg/kg animal weight. Results. It has been shown that chronic exposure to doxysubicin leads to changes in the positional dynamics of positive and negative cardiopotentials cardioelectric field of heart on the chest surface during the ascending and descending P-wave on the ECG in the II limb leads. It is observed significantly earlier the beginning of cardioelectric field formation, characteristic of atrial depolarization, on the body surface, the beginning, the peak and the end of the P-wave on the ECG in the II limb leads compared to the initial state. Conclusion. Chronic exposure to doxorubicin causes significant changes in the initial atrial activity, which leads to a significant change in the corresponding period of atrial depolarization in the dynamics of the cardioelectric field on the surface of the thorax of animals.

The article has discussed a step-by-step algorithm for developing population pharmacokinetics models in the Lixoft Monolix software. Features of population pharmacokinetics study’s methodology have described. Special attention is paid to the advantages of the compartmental approach and nonlinear mixed effects modeling in study of pharmacokinetics. Methods for estimating population pharmacokinetic parameters and its implementation in software are described.