Сardioprotective agents with biaromatic structure. Part 2. HCN channel blockers
https://doi.org/10.37489/2587-7836-2022-2-03-10
Abstract
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide–gated (HCN) channels, primarily their HCN4 subtype, are one of the promising targets for the development of cardioprotective agents. HCN channel blockers have a selective bradycardic effect, preserving myocardial contractility and diastolic function and not affecting the electrophysiological parameters of the heart. This review continues a series of reviews on the analysis of compounds with cardioprotective properties in a number of biaromatic structures, which include a wide range of HCN channel blockers.
About the Author
G. V. MokrovRussian Federation
Mokrov Grigory V., PhD Chemical Sci., Leading researcher of the fine organic synthesis laboratory at the drug chemistry department. SPIN code: 8755-7666
Moscow
References
1. Postea O, Biel M. Exploring HCN channels as novel drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2011;10(12):903–914. DOI: 10.1038/NRD3576.
2. Larsson HP. How is the heart rate regulated in the sinoatrial node? Another piece to the puzzle. J Gen Physiol. 2010;136(3):237–241. DOI: 10.1085/JGP.201010506.
3. Cao Y, Pang J, Zhou P. HCN channel as therapeutic targets for heart failure and pain. Curr Top Med Chem. 2015;16(16):1855–1861. DOI: 10.2174/1568026616666151215104058.
4. Roubille F, Tardif JC. New therapeutic targets in cardiology. Circulation. 2013;127(19):1986–1996. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.000145.
5. Romanelli MN, Sartiani L, Masi A, et al. HCN channels modulators: the need for selectivity. Curr Top Med Chem. 2016;16(16):1764. DOI: 10.2174/1568026616999160315130832.
6. Mokrov GV. Сardioprotective agents with biaromatic structure. Part 1. Calcium channel blockers. Farmakokinetika i farmakodinamika = Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. 2021;(4):3–17. (In Russ). DOI: 10.37489/2587-7836-2021-4-3-17.
7. Reiffen M, Eberlein W, Mueller P, et al. Specific bradycardic agents. 1. Chemistry, pharmacology, and structure-activity relationships of substituted benzazepinones, a new class of compounds exerting antiischemic properties. J Med Chem. 1990;33(5):1496–1504. DOI: 10.1021/JM00167A033.
8. Goethals M, Raes A, Bogaert PP van. Use-dependent block of the pacemaker current I(f) in rabbit sinoatrial node cells by zatebradine (UL-FS 49). On the mode of action of sinus node inhibitors. Circulation. 1993;88(5):2389–2401. DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.88.5.2389.
9. Glasser SP, Michie DD, Thadani U, Baiker WM. Effects of zatebradine (ULFS 49 CL), a sinus node inhibitor, on heart rate and exercise duration in chronic stable angina pectoris. Am J Cardiol. 1997;79(10):1401–1405. DOI: 10.1016/S000-2914(99)X0015-0.
10. Bomhard A, Reiffen M, Heider J, Psiorz M, Lillie C. Specific bradycardic agents. 2. Heteroaromatic modifications in the side chain of specific bradycardic benzazepinones: chemistry, pharmacology, and structure-activity relationships. J Med Chem. 1991;34(3):942–947. DOI: 10.1021/JM00107A011.
11. Lillie C, Kobinger W. US Patent 5175157. 1990;352(552).
12. Granetzny A, Schwanke U, Schmitz C, et al. Pharmacologic heart rate reduction: effect of a novel, specific bradycardic agent on the heart. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1998;46(02):63–69. DOI: 10.1055/S-2007-1010191.
13. Van Bogaert PP, Pittoors F. Use-dependent blockade of cardiac pacemaker current (If) by cilobradine and zatebradine. Eur J Pharmacol. 2003;478(2-3):161–171. DOI: 10.1016/J.EJPHAR.2003.08.083.
14. Stieber J, Wieland K, Stöckl G, Ludwig A, Hofmann F. Bradycardic and proarrhythmic properties of sinus node inhibitors. Mol Pharmacol. 2006;69(4):1328–1337. DOI: 10.1124/MOL.105.020701.
15. Vélez de Mendizábal N, Staab A, Schäfer HG, et al. Joint population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for the heart rate effects at rest and at the end of exercise for cilobradine. Pharm Res. 2012;30(4):1110–1122. DOI: 10.1007/S11095-012-0947-6.
16. Kakefuda A, Watanabe T, Taguchi Y, Masuda N, Tanaka A, Yanagisawa I. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 2-(3-Piperidyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives as specific bradycardic agents. Chem Pharm Bull. 2003;51(4):390–398. DOI: 10.1248/CPB.51.390.
17. Kubota H, Kakefuda A, Watanabe T, et al. (±)-2-(3-Piperidyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines as a new class of specific bradycardic agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2003;13(13):2155–2158. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-894X(03)00349-4.
18. Kubota H, Kakefuda A, Watanabe T, et al. Synthesis and Pharmacological evaluation of 1-Oxo-2-(3-piperidyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines and related analogues as a new class of specific bradycardic agents possessing if channel inhibitory activity. J Med Chem. 2003;46(22):4728–4740. DOI: 10.1021/JM0301742.
19. Kubota H, Watanabe T, Kakefuda A, et al. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of N-acyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives as novel specific bradycardic agents. Bioorg Med Chem. 2004;12(5):871–882. DOI: 10.1016/J.BMC.2003.12.032.
20. Umehara KI, Susaki Y, van Teylingen RHJ, et al. Evaluation of the inhibitory and induction potential of YM758, a novel If channel inhibitor, for human P450-mediated metabolism. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2008;33(4):211–223. DOI: 10.1007/BF03190875.
21. Nakada N. Investigation of metabolite profile of YM758, a novel if channel inhibitor. Drugs R D. 2016;16(2):205–216. DOI: 10.1007/S40268-016-0130-3.
22. Peglion JL, Vian J, Vilaine JP, Villeneuve N, Janiak P, Bidouard JP. US Patent 5296482. Published online 1994.
23. Thollon C, Bedut S, Villeneuve N, et al. Use-dependent inhibition of hHCN4 by ivabradine and relationship with reduction in pacemaker activity. Br J Pharmacol. 2007;150(1):37–46. DOI: 10.1038/SJ.BJP.0706940.
24. Thollon C, Cambarrat C, Vian J, Prost JF, Peglion JL, Vilaine JP. Electrophysiological effects of S 16257, a novel sino-atrial node modulator, on rabbit and guinea-pig cardiac preparations: comparison with UL-FS 49. Br J Pharmacol. 1994;112(1):37–42. DOI: 10.1111/J.1476-5381.1994.TB13025.X.
25. Simon L, Ghaleh B, Puybasset L, Giudicelli JF, Berdeaux A. Coronary and hemodynamic effects of S 16257, a new bradycardic agent, in resting and exercising conscious dogs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1995;275(2):659–666.
26. Gardiner SM, Kemp PA, March JE, Bennett T. Acute and chronic cardiac and regional haemodynamic effects of the novel bradycardic agent, S16257, in conscious rats. Br J Pharmacol. 1995;115(4):579–586. DOI: 10.1111/J.1476-5381.1995.TB14971.X.
27. Psotka MA, Teerlink JR. Ivabradine. Circulation. 2016;133(21):2066–2075. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.018094.
28. Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18(8):891–975. DOI: 10.1002/EJHF.592.
29. Chen C, Kaur G, Mehta PK, et al. Ivabradine in Cardiovascular Disease Management Revisited: a Review. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2021;35(5):1045–1056. DOI: 10.1007/S10557-020-07124-4.
30. Peglion JL, Goument B, Dessinges A, et al. US Patent 8076325 B2. Published online 2011.
31. Bom A, Booth S, Bruin J, Clark J, Miller S, Wathey B. Parallel solid-phase synthesis of zatebradine analogues as potential I(f) channel blockers. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2001;11(17):2351–2354. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-894X(01)00424-3.
32. Romanelli MN, Cerbai E, Dei S, et al. Design, synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of zatebradine analogues as potential blockers of the hyperpolarization-activated current. Bioorg Med Chem. 2005;13(4):1211–1220. DOI: 10.1016/J.BMC.2004.11.017.
33. Melchiorre M, Lungo M Del, Guandalini L, et al. Design, synthesis, and preliminary biological evaluation of new isoform-selective f-current blockers. J Med Chem. 2010;53(18):6773–6777. DOI: 10.1021/JM1006758.
34. Del Lungo M, Melchiorre M, Guandalini L, et al. Novel blockers of hyperpolarization-activated current with isoform selectivity in recombinant cells and native tissue. Br J Pharmacol. 2012;166(2):602–616. DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01782.x.
35. Rieu JP, Duflos A, Tristani JC, et al. Synthesis and bradycardic activity of a series of substituted 3-Aminoalkyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-1,3-benzoxazin-4-ones as potent antiischemics. Eur J Med Chem. 1993;28(9):683–691. DOI: 10.1002/CHIN.199404190.
Review
For citations:
Mokrov G.V. Сardioprotective agents with biaromatic structure. Part 2. HCN channel blockers. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics. 2022;(2):3-10. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.37489/2587-7836-2022-2-03-10