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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">phkinetica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фармакокинетика и Фармакодинамика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-7836</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8830</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2587-7836-2026-1-12-19</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">LPQHXJ</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">phkinetica-499</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДОКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ФАРМАКОДИНАМИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRECLINICAL PHARMACODYNAMICS STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изучение нейропротекторного действие дипептидных миметиков NT-3 соединений ГТС-301 и ГТС-302 на экспериментальной модели ишемического инсульта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of the neuroprotective effect of NT-3 dipeptide mimetics GTS-301 and GTS-302 on an experimental model of ischemic stroke</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8901-3101</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифоров</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforov</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никифоров Дмитрий Михалович — м. н. с. лаборатории пептидных биорегуляторов отдела химии лекарственных средств.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii M. Nikiforov — Junior Research Scientist Laboratory of Peptide Bioregulators of the Medicinal Chemistry Department.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikiforov_dm@academpharm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3278-8915</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поварнина</surname><given-names>П. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Povarnina</surname><given-names>P. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поварнина Полина Юрьевна — к. б. н., в. н. с. лаборатории пептидных биорегуляторов отдела химии лекарственных средств.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina Yu. Povarnina — PhD, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Leading Research Scientist of the Laboratory of Peptide Bioregulators of the Medicinal Chemistry Department.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">povarnina_pyu@academpharm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5185-4474</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гудашева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gudasheva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гудашева Татьяна Александровна — д. б. н., профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, руководитель отдела химии лекарственных средств.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana A. Gudasheva — PhD, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor, RAS corresponding member, Head of medicinal chemistry department.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gudasheva@academpharm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «ФИЦ оригинальных и перспективных биомедицинских и фармацевтических технологий»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal research center for innovator and emerging biomedical and pharmaceutical technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никифоров Д.М., Поварнина П.Ю., Гудашева Т.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никифоров Д.М., Поварнина П.Ю., Гудашева Т.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikiforov D.M., Povarnina P.Y., Gudasheva T.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacokinetica.ru/jour/article/view/499">https://www.pharmacokinetica.ru/jour/article/view/499</self-uri><abstract><p>Инсульт является одной из основных причин смертности и инвалидизации в мире, в связи с чем актуальна разработка новых средств его фармакотерапии. Белки семейства нейротрофинов (NGF, BDNF, NT-3, NT-4) являются эндогенными нейропротекторами, а также способствуют нейрорегенерации. Проблемы клинического применения нейротрофинов (низкая биодоступность, риск развития побочных эффектов) могут быть преодолены с помощью создания их фармакологически пригодных низкомолекулярных миметиков. В ФГБНУ «ФИЦ оригинальных и перспективных биомедицинских и фармацевтических технологий» были сконструированы и синтезированы на основе β-изгиба 4-й петли NT-3 его димерные дипептидные миметики соединения ГТС-301 (гексаметилендиамид бис-(N-моносукцинил-L-аспарагинил-L-аспарагина)) и ГТС-302 (гексаметилендиамид бис-(N-γ-оксибутирилL-глутамил-L-аспарагина)).</p><p>Целью настоящего исследования было выявление возможной нейропротекторной активности у ГТС-301 и ГТС-302 на модели ишемического инсульта на крысах, индуцированного окклюзией средней мозговой артерии (ОСМА). Дипептиды вводили внутрибрюшинно в дозе 1 мг/кг в течение 7 дней, первое введение было через 4 ч после моделирования ОСМА. На 3-и и 6-е сутки оценивали неврологический статус животных в тесте стимулирования конечностей, на 7-е сутки регистрировали объём инфаркта мозга с помощью морфометрии срезов, окрашенных хлоридом 2,3,5-трифенилтетразолия. Результаты. Было установлено, что ГТС-302 снижает объём инфаркта мозга на 39 % по сравнению с нелечеными животными и статистически значимо улучшает неврологический статус на 3-и сутки после ОСМА. Соединение ГТС-301 было не активно. Различия в активности изученных соединений на модели ОСМА могут быть связаны с тем, что, как было ранее установлено in vitro, ГТС-302 активирует, подобно полноразмерному NT-3, все основные пути трансдукции сигнала нейротрофиновых Trk рецепторов — PI3K/Akt, MAPK/ERK и PLC-γ1, а ГТС-301 — только MAPK/ERK и PLC-γ1. Полученные в настоящем исследовании данные, а также результаты ранее проведённых нами исследований нейропротекторной активности дипептидных миметиков NGF и BDNF в тех же условиях свидетельствуют о важности активации PI3K/Akt для проявления нейропротекторной активности дипептидных миметиков нейротрофинов на модели ОСМА.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, so the development of new agents for its pharmacotherapy remains highly relevant. The proteins of the neurotrophin family (NGF, BDNF, NT-3, NT-4) act as endogenous neuroprotectors and promote neuroregeneration. Issues related to the clinical application of neurotrophins (low bioavailability, risk of side effects) may be overcome by creating pharmacologically suitable low-molecular-weight mimetics. In the Federal Research Center for Innovator and Emerging Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, two dimeric dipeptide mimetics of NT-3 compounds GTS-301 (bis-(N-monosuccinyl-L-asparaginyl-L-asparagine) hexamethylenediamide) and GTS-302 (bis-(N-γ-hydroxybutyryl-L-glutamyl-Lasparagine) hexamethylenediamide) were designed and synthesized based on the β-turn of the 4th loop of NT-3.</p><p>The objective of the present study was to identify the potential neuroprotective activity of GTS-301 and GTS-302 using a rat model of ischemic stroke induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The dipeptides were administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 1 mg/kg for 7 days, with the first injection occurring 4 hours after MCAO modeling. Neurological status was measured on days 3 and 6 using a limb-placing test, and brain infarct volume was recorded on day 7 via morphometry of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride stained sections.</p><p>It was established that GTS-302 reduces brain infarct volume by 39 % compared to untreated animals and statistically significantly improves neurological status on day 3 after MCAO. Compound GTS-301 was inactive. The differences in the activity of the studied compounds in the MCAO model may be attributed to the fact that, as previously determined in vitro, GTS-302, similarly to full-length NT-3, activates all major signal transduction pathways of neurotrophin Trk receptors (PI3K/Akt, MAPK/ERK, and PLC-γ1), whereas GTS-301 activates only MAPK/ERK and PLC-γ1.</p><p>The data obtained in this study, along with results from our previous investigations of the neuroprotective activity of NGF and BDNF dipeptide mimetics under the same conditions, indicate the importance of PI3K/Akt pathway activation for the manifestation of neuroprotective activity by neurotrophin dipeptide mimetics in the MCAO model.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейротрофины</kwd><kwd>NT-3</kwd><kwd>димерные дипептидные миметики</kwd><kwd>ишемический инсульт</kwd><kwd>нейропротекция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neurotrophins</kwd><kwd>NT-3</kwd><kwd>dimeric dipeptide mimetics</kwd><kwd>ischemic stroke</kwd><kwd>neuroprotection</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (FGFG-2025-0008)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was conducted under the government contract of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (FGFG-2025-0008)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feigin VL, Brainin M, Norrving B, et al. 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