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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">phkinetica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фармакокинетика и Фармакодинамика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-7836</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8830</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2587-7836-2025-1-35-42</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">NZTPRM</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">phkinetica-448</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДОКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ФАРМАКОДИНАМИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRECLINICAL PHARMACODYNAMICS STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изучение возможности применения метформина при интраназальном введении для коррекции поведенческих и когнитивных дисфункций половозрелых крыс</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of the possibility of using metformin by intranasal administration for the correction of behavioral and cognitive dysfunctions of rats</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3795-1407</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хафизова</surname><given-names>А. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hafizova</surname><given-names>A. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хафизова Айгуль Зульфаровна — м. н. с. Молодежной научной лаборатории «Систем направлений доставки лекарственных средств» ФГБОУ ВО Казанский ГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ajgul Z. Hafizova — Junior Research of the Research Laboratory «Drug Delivery Systems», FSBEI НЕ Kazan SМU МОН Russia.</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aygul_khafizova_1997@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3515-0845</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семина</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semina</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семина Ирина Ивановна — д. м. н., профессор кафедры фармакологии, заведующая Центральной научно-исследовательской лабораторией ФГБОУ ВО Казанский ГМУ Минздрава России.</p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina I. Semina — PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Pharmacology, head of the Central Research Laboratory, FSBEI НЕ Kazan SМU МОН Russia.</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">seminai@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Кazan Medical University МОН Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хафизова А.З., Семина И.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хафизова А.З., Семина И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Hafizova A.Z., Semina I.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacokinetica.ru/jour/article/view/448">https://www.pharmacokinetica.ru/jour/article/view/448</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Метформин — противодиабетическое средство в терапии сахарного диабета 2-го типа, обладающего комплексом фармакологических эффектов, которые могут позволить применять его в качестве геропротектора и средства для лечения когнитивных и поведенческих нарушений. Метформин при пероральном применении имеет низкую биодоступность (50–60 %), а также риск развития побочных эффектов, что является обоснованием для изучения интраназального пути введения метформина.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Исследование поведенческих эффектов метформина при интраназальном введении как обоснование для разработки его интраназальной лекарственной формы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Объект исследования — метформин, применяемый интраназально (и/н) крысам в дозе 70 мг/кг. Для сравнения был использован внутрижелудочный (в/ж) путь введения (70 мг/кг). После 30-дневного и/н и в/ж введения метформина крысам проведены поведенческие тесты: «Т-лабиринт», «Водный лабиринт Морриса», «Приподнятый крестообразный лабиринт» (ПКЛ), а также «Экстраполяционное избавление» (ЭПИ). Для статистической обработки был использован t-критерий Стьюдента в программе Graph pad Prism 8.0.1.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При и/н введении отмечалось снижение латентного периода выбора рукава в 5,6 раза (p = 0,022), а при в/ж — в 4,3 раза (р = 0,046) по сравнению с контролем в тесте «Т-лабиринт». При и/н применении статистически значимого результата не обнаружено в тесте «ПКЛ», в отличие от в/ж, при котором продолжительность пребывания крыс в «открытом рукаве» было в 3,0 раза (р = 0,01) больше контроля, а в «закрытом рукаве» — в 1,3 раза (р = 0,01) меньше. В тесте «ЭПИ» и/н введение метформина способствовало уменьшению продолжительности прыжков в 5,1 раза (р = 0,02), а при в/ж введении в 2,9 раза (р = 0,038) по сравнению с контролем.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Интраназальное введение метформина может рассматриваться как альтернативный способ его применения и явиться основанием для разработки системы направленной доставки метформина.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Metformin is an antidiabetic agent in the therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus, which has a complex of pharmacological effects that may allow its use as a geroprotector and a means for the treatment of cognitive and behavioral disorders. Metformin when administered orally has low bioavailability (50–60 %), as well as the risk of side effects, which is the rationale for studying the intranasal route of administration of metformin.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To investigate the behavioral effects of metformin during intranasal administration as a rationale for the development of its intranasal dosage form.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The object of the study was metformin administered intranasally (i/n) to rats at a dose of 70 mg/kg. The intragastric (i/g) route of administration (70 mg/kg) was used for comparison. After 30-day i/n and i/g administration of metformin, the rats were subjected to behavioral tests: the T-Maze test, Water Maze test, Elevated Plus-Maze test (EPM), and Extrapolation Escape task (EE). The Student's t-test in Graph pad Prism 8.0.1 program was used for statistical processing.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. When administered i/n, there was 5.6 times (p = 0.022) decrease in the latent period of arm selection (p = 0.022), and when administered i/g, there was 2.9 times (p = 0.01) decrease in the “T-maze”test compared to the control. No statistically significant result was found in the “EPM”test when applied i/n, in contrast to i/g, in which the duration of stay of rats in the OА of the maze was 3.0 times (p = 0.01) more than the control, and in the CA — 1.3 times (p = 0.01) less. In the “EE” test, i/n administration of metformin contributed to 5.1 times (p = 0.02) decrease in jump duration compared to control. In case of i/g administration metformin, the duration of the jumping period was 2.9 times shorter (p = 0.038).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Intranasal administration of metformin can be considered as an alternative way of its use and be the basis for the development of a system of directed delivery of metformin.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метформин</kwd><kwd>интраназальное введение</kwd><kwd>субтерапевтические дозы</kwd><kwd>нейропротекторные свойства</kwd><kwd>поведенческие методы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>metformin</kwd><kwd>intranasal administration</kwd><kwd>subtherapeutic doses</kwd><kwd>neuroprotective properties</kwd><kwd>behavioral methods</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке РНФ (проект № 23–25–00333)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 23-25-00333)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Markowicz-Piasecka M, Sikora J, Szydłowska A, et al. 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