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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">phkinetica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фармакокинетика и Фармакодинамика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-7836</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8830</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2587-7836-2024-4-29-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ZALQMG</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">phkinetica-436</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ ФАРМАКОКИНЕТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETIC RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Прогностическое влияние клинических и генетических факторов на задержку элиминации метотрексата у детей с острым лимфобластным лейкозом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prognostic impact of clinical and genetic factors on delayed elimination of methotrexate in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0050-0721</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурьева</surname><given-names>О. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurieva</surname><given-names>O. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гурьева Оксана Дмитриевна – врач-детский онколог отделения детской онкологии и гематологии (химиотерапия гемобластозов) № 1 НИИтдетской онкологии и гематологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana D. Gurieva – Pediatric Oncologist of the Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology (Hemoblastosis Chemotherapy) № 1 Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2373-2250</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савельева</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savelyeva</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савельева Марина Ивановна – д. м. н., профессор кафедры терапии имени профессора Е.Н. Дормидонтова</p><p>Ярославль</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina I. Savelyeva – Dr. Sci (Med.), Professor, Department of Therapy, Prof</p><p>Yaroslavl</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marinasavelyeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1469-2365</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валиев</surname><given-names>Т. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valiev</surname><given-names>T. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валиев Тимур Теймуразович – д. м. н., заведующий отделением детской онкологии и гематологии (химиотерапия гемобластозов) № 1 НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timur T. Valiev – Dr. Sci (Med.), Head of the Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology (Hemoblastosis Chemotherapy) № 1 Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematolog; Professor of the Department of Pediatric Oncology named academician L.A. Durnov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6131-1783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варфоломеева</surname><given-names>С. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varfolomeeva</surname><given-names>S. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Варфоломеева Светлана Рафаэлевна – д. м. н., профессор, директор НИИ детской онкологии и гематологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana R. Varfolomeeva – Dr. Sci (Med.), Professor, Director of the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6278-374X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильин</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyin</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильин Михаил Витальевич – д. м. н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой терапии имени профессора Е.Н. Дормидонтова</p><p>Ярославль</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Ilyin – Dr. Sci (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Therapy Prof. E.N. Dormidontov</p><p>Yaroslavl</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, MOH Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ярославский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yaroslavl State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, MOH Russia; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гурьева О.Д., Савельева М.И., Валиев Т.Т., Варфоломеева С.Р., Ильин М.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гурьева О.Д., Савельева М.И., Валиев Т.Т., Варфоломеева С.Р., Ильин М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gurieva O.D., Savelyeva M.I., Valiev T.T., Varfolomeeva S.R., Ilyin M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacokinetica.ru/jour/article/view/436">https://www.pharmacokinetica.ru/jour/article/view/436</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Метотрексат (МТХ), вводимый в высоких дозах (1000–5000 мг/м2), занимает одно из ведущих мест в современных программах терапии острого лимфобластного лейкоза (ОЛЛ) у детей. Благодаря этому препарату, включённому в схемы риск-адаптированной полихимиотерапии, удалось достичь высоких показателей многолетней выживаемости детей с ОЛЛ. Но не менее важной проблемой остаётся токсичность проводимого лечения и прогнозирование его эффективности и безопасности, в связи с чем возрастает роль фармакогенетических исследований в выявлении полиморфизмов в генах-кандидатах, влияющих на фармакокинетику МТХ.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Определить предикторы задержки элиминации метотрексата с использованием фармакогенетических биомаркеров у детей с острым лимфобластным лейкозом.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведён проспективный анализ базы данных пациентов детского возраста с ОЛЛ в рамках наблюдательного (когортного) одноцентрового исследования. В исследование включены 124 ребёнка с диагнозом ОЛЛ, получавших терапию по протоколу ALL-IC BFM 2009 c включением высокодозного МТХ. Для исследования полиморфизмов генов ABCB1 и SLCO1B1 использован метод ПЦР в режиме реального времени. Материал исследования – периферическая кровь. Статистический анализ влияния фармакогенетических биомаркеров на токсичность и эффективность терапии проводился с использованием программы SPSS Statistics 26.0 (США). Для формирования математических прогностических моделей применялся метод построения логистической функции с помощью бинарной логистической регрессии с пошаговым отбором факторов и проведением, при необходимости, дополнительного построения ROC-кривых с последующим ROC-анализом. Достоверными считали различия при р &lt; 0,05; при р ≥ 0,05 различия считали маловероятными и статистически недостоверными.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По результатам проведённого комплексного анализа эффективности и безопасности терапии высокодозным МТХ разработана достоверная (р &lt; 0,001) прогностическая модель с высокой чувствительностью, специфичностью и эффективностью (&gt;70 % соответственно), демонстрирующая взаимосвязи клинических и генетических факторов, влияющих на задержку элиминации МТХ у детей с ОЛЛ, что подтверждает необходимость внедрения фармакогенетического тестирования в реальную клиническую практику.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Определение полиморфизмов генов, обеспечивающих транспорт и метаболизм цитостатиков необходимо использовать в практической работе онкогематологических клиник для индивидуализации терапии и обеспечения её безопасности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Methotrexate (MTX) in high doses (1000–5000 mg/m2), occupies one of the leading places in modern programs of therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children. Achievement of high long-term survival rates in children with ALL has become possible thanks to this drug. However, no less important problem is the toxicity of the treatment and prediction of its efficacy and safety, in this regard, the role of pharmacogenetic studies in the identification of polymorphisms in candidate genes affecting the pharmacokinetics of MTX is increasing.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To determine predictors of delayed elimination of methotrexate using pharmacokinetic biomarkers in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We prospectively analyzed the database of pediatric patients with ALL within the framework of an observational (cohort) singlecenter study. The study included 124 children diagnosed with ALL who received therapy according to the ALL-IC BFM 2009 protocol including high-dosed MTX. Real-time PCR method was used to study polymorphisms of ABCB1 and SLCO1B1 genes. The study material was peripheral blood. Statistical analysis ofpharmacogenetic biomarkers influence on toxicity and efficacy of therapy was performed using SPSS Statistics 26.0 program (USA). To form mathematical prognostic models, we used the method of logistic function construction using binary logistic regression with step-by-step selection of factors and, if necessary, additional construction of ROC-curves with subsequent ROC-analysis. Differences were considered significant at p &lt; 0.05; at p ≥ 0.05, differences were considered unlikely and statistically insignificant.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Based on the results of the conducted complex analysis of efficacy and safety of high-dosed MTX therapy, a reliable (p &lt; 0.001) prognostic model with high sensitivity, specificity and efficacy (&gt;70 %, respectively) was developed, demonstrating the interrelationships of clinical and genetic factors influencing the delay of MTX elimination in children with ALL, which confirms the necessity of implementing pharmacogenetic testing in real clinical practice.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Determination of polymorphisms of genes providing transport and metabolism of cytostatics should be used in practical work of oncohematological clinics for individualization of therapy and ensuring its safety.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>прогнозирование безопасности</kwd><kwd>полиморфизмы генов ABCB1 и SLCO1B1</kwd><kwd>метотрексат</kwd><kwd>фармакокинетика</kwd><kwd>острый лимфобластный лейкоз</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>safety prediction</kwd><kwd>polymorphisms of ABCB1 and SLCO1B1 genes</kwd><kwd>methotrexate</kwd><kwd>pharmacokinetics</kwd><kwd>acute lymphoblastic leukemia</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Минздрава России. Тематика государственного задания «Новые фармакогенетические маркеры безопасности фармакотерапии некоторых социально значимых заболеваний» (ЕГИСУ НИОКТР № 1022050400012-9).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was financially supported by the Ministry of Health of Russia. The subject of the state assignment «New pharmacogenetic markers of safety of pharmacotherapy of some socially significant diseases» (EGISU NIOCTR № 1022050400012-9).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шервашидзе М.А., Валиев Т.Т., Тупицын Н.Н. Перспективы оценки минимальной остаточной болезни в постиндукционном периоде при В-линейном остром лимфобластном лейкозе у детей. Российский журнал детской гематологии и онкологии. 2020;7(2):15-22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шервашидзе М.А., Валиев Т.Т., Тупицын Н.Н. 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