phkineticaФармакокинетика и ФармакодинамикаPharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics2587-78362686-8830ООО «Издательство ОКИ»10.37489/2588-0519-2024-3-3-19EZRHZWphkinetica-423Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSСенесенс. Сердце. СенотерапияSenesens. Heart. Senotherapyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2832-4739КрыжановскийС. А.KryzhanovskiiS. A.

Крыжановский Сергей Александрович, д. м. н., зав. лабораторией фармакологии кровообращения

Москва

Sergey A. Kryzhanovskii, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of Laboratory of Circulation Pharmacology 

Moscow

kryzhanovskij_sa@academpharm.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7407-7516ВититноваМ. Б.VititnovaM. B.

Вититнова Марина Борисовна, к. б. н., в. н. с. лаборатории фармакологиикровообращения

Москва

Marina B. Vititnova, PhD, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher of Laboratory of Circulation Pharmacology 

Moscow

ФГБНУ «ФИЦ оригинальных и перспективных биомедицинских и фармацевтических технологий»РоссияFederal research center for innovator and emerging biomedical and pharmaceutical technologiesRussian Federation20242811202403319Copyright © Крыжановский С.А., Вититнова М.Б., 20242024Крыжановский С.А., Вититнова М.Б.Kryzhanovskii S.A., Vititnova M.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.pharmacokinetica.ru/jour/article/view/423

Сенесенс — клеточное старение — особая форма гибели клетки, характеризующаяся необратимой утратой клеткой её пролиферационного потенциала и развитием устойчивости к апоптозу. В основе сенесенса лежит истирание (укорочение) теломер, происходящее при каждом последующем делении клетки, что, в конечном итоге, приводит к устойчивому повреждению ДНК и последующей активации программы клеточного старения. Сенесцентным клеткам присущ уникальный так называемый сенесенс-ассоциированный секреторный фенотип (SASP), т. е. способность стареющих клеток секретировать во внеклеточную среду большое количество патогенных факторов, действующих паракринно на неповреждённые клетки и переводящих их в состояние сенесенса. В обзоре литературы рассматриваются известные механизмы, ответственные за формирование различных типов сенесенса, описываются особенности сенесенс-обусловленного поражения сердца и приводится подробная характеристика биологически активных соединений и лекарственных средств, обладающих сенолитической (активаторы апоптоза) и/или сеностатической (ингибиторы SASP) активностью.

Senescence — cellular aging — is a special form of cell death, characterized by the cell’s irreversible loss of its proliferation potential and the development of resistance to apoptosis. Senescence is based on the attrition (shortening) of telomeres that occurs with each subsequent cell division, which ultimately leads to sustained DNA damage and subsequent activation of the cellular aging program. Senescent cells have a unique so-called senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), i.e. the ability of aging cells to secrete into the extracellular environment a large number of pathogenic factors that act paracrine on undamaged cells and transfer them to a state of senescence. The literature review examines the known mechanisms responsible for the formation of various types of senescence, describes the features of senescence-related cardiac damage, and provides a detailed description of biologically active compounds and drugs with senolytic (apoptosis activators) and/or senostatic (SASP inhibitors) activity.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.