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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">phkinetica</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фармакокинетика и Фармакодинамика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-7836</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8830</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2587-7836-2024-2-12-19</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">BLAZIG</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">phkinetica-414</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДОКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ФАРМАКОДИНАМИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PRECLINICAL PHARMACODYNAMICS STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможные подходы к воспроизведению эндотелиальной дисфункции. Поиск оптимальной модели</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Possible approaches to reproduction of endothelial dysfunction. searching for the optimal model</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3988-7724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цорин</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsorin</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цорин Иосиф Борисович, д. б. н., в. н. с. лаборатории фармакологии кровообращения</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Iosif B. Tsorin, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher of Laboratory of Circulation Pharmacology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsorin_ib@academpharm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1323-6472</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожевникова</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhevnikova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кожевникова Любовь Михайловна, д. м. н., зав. лабораторией хронического воспаления и микроциркуляции</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lubov V. Kozhevnikova, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of Laboratory of Chronic Inflammation and Microcirculation</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Симоненко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Simonenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Симоненко София Алексеевна, лаборант-исследователь лаборатории фармакологии кровообращения</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sophia A. Simonenko, laboratory research assistant of laboratory of circulation pharmacology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-2596</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суханова</surname><given-names>И. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhanova</surname><given-names>I. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Суханова Ирина Федоровна, к. б. н., с. н. с. лаборатории хронического воспаления и микроциркуляции</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina F. Sukhanova, PhD, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher of Laboratory of Chronic Inflammation and Microcirculation</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7407-7516</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вититнова</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vititnova</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вититнова Марина Борисовна, к. б. н., в. н. с. лаборатории фармакологии кровообращения </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina B. Vititnova, PhD, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher of Laboratory of Circulation Pharmacology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2832-4739</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крыжановский</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryzhanovskii</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крыжановский Сергей Александрович, д. м. н., зав. лабораторией фармакологии кровообращения </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Kryzhanovskii, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of Laboratory of Circulation Pharmacology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «ФИЦ оригинальных и перспективных биомедицинских и фармацевтических технологий»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal research center for innovator and emerging biomedical and pharmaceutical technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «НИИ общей и патологической физиологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Genеral Pathology and Pathophysiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цорин И.Б., Кожевникова Л.М., Симоненко С.А., Суханова И.Ф., Вититнова М.Б., Крыжановский С.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цорин И.Б., Кожевникова Л.М., Симоненко С.А., Суханова И.Ф., Вититнова М.Б., Крыжановский С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsorin I.B., Kozhevnikova L.V., Simonenko S.A., Sukhanova I.F., Vititnova M.B., Kryzhanovskii S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacokinetica.ru/jour/article/view/414">https://www.pharmacokinetica.ru/jour/article/view/414</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Поиск оптимального подхода к разработке трансляционной модели эндотелиальной дисфункции (ЭД).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Эксперименты проводили на 58 белых крысах-самцах, которых рандомизировали на 8 групп: 1-я (n = 6) — контроль для L-метионина (эксперименты in vitro); 2-я (n = 6) — L-метионин (эксперименты in vitro); 3-я (n = 6) — контроль для L-NAME (эксперименты in vitro); 4-я (n = 6) — L-NAME (эксперименты in vitro); 5-я (n = 10) — контроль для L-метионина (эксперименты in vivo); 6-я (n = 7) — L-метионин (эксперименты in vivo); 7-я (n = 10) — контроль для L-NAME (эксперименты in vivo); 8-я (n = 7) — L-NAME (эксперименты in vivo). Во 2-й и 6-й группах животным интрагастрально вводили L-метионин (3 г/кг/сут в течение 7 дней), а крысам групп 4 и 8 внутрибрюшинно (в/б) вводили L-NAME (0,025 г/кг/сут в течение 7 дней). Контрольные животные получали эквивалентный объём растворителя. В экспериментах in vitro для регистрации тонической активности колец аорты использовали четырёхканальный миограф (Danish Myo Technology). В изометрическом режиме регистрировали силу сокращений колец аорты, вызываемых норадреналином (10−7 М) и карбахолом (10−5 М). В опытах in vivo на наркотизированных крысах (уретан 1300 мг/кг в/б) методом лазерной допплеровской флоуметрии с помощью компьютеризированного лазерного анализатора «ЛАЗМА-Д» (производство НПП «Лазма», Россия) регистрировали микроциркуляцию крови в миокарде и скелетной мышце. При оценке микрокровотока показатель перфузии (М) рассчитывали в перфузионных единицах (перф. ед.).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В экспериментах in vitro показано, что в условиях гипергомоцистеинемии, вызванной L-метионином, реакция сосудов на норадреналин остаётся практически неизменной. В то же время вазодилатирующий ответ на карбахол (10−5 М) статистически значимо уменьшался на 57 % (р = 0,005). У животных, получавших L-NAME, не только на 55 % (р = 0,009) снижается реакция на карбахол, но и на 48 % (р = 0,003) увеличивается вазоконстрикторный ответ на норадреналин. В условиях ЭД, вызванной как гипергомоцистеинемией, так и L-NAME, значительно снижается микроциркуляция крови в миокарде и скелетной мышце. Также показано, что в условиях модели ЭД, вызванной L-NAME, в отличие от модели ЭД, индуцированной L-метионином, не наблюдается падения массы тела крыс и практически отсутствует летальность.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Таким образом, ЭД, индуцированная как гипергомоцистеинемией, так и блокадой L-NAME эндотелиальной синтазы оксида азота, сопровождается близкими по направленности изменениями микроциркуляции крови в миокарде и скелетной мышце. Однако, учитывая результаты экспериментов in vitro, можно заключить, что более перспективной представляется модель ЭД, вызываемая L-NAME, в условиях которой, в отличие от ЭД, индуцированной L-метионином, не только подавляется вазодилатирующий ответ сосуда на карбахол, но и активируется вазоконстрикторная реакция на норадреналин.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose of the study</title><p>Purpose of the study. Search for an optimal approach to developing a translational model of endothelial dysfunction (ED).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on 58 white male rats, which were randomized into 8 groups: 1st (n = 6) — control for L-methionine (in vitro experiments); 2nd (n = 6) — L-methionine (in vitro experiments); 3rd (n = 6) — control for L-NAME (in vitro experiments); 4th (n = 6) — L-NAME (in vitro experiments); 5th (n = 10) — control for L-methionine (in vivo experiments); 6th (n = 7) — L-methionine (in vivo experiments); 7-a (n = 10) — control for L-NAME (in vivo experiments); 8th (n = 7) — L-NAME (in vivo experiments). In groups 2 and 6, animals were intragastrically administered L-methionine (3 g/kg/day for 7 days), and rats in groups 4 and 8 were administered i.p. with L-NAME (0.025 g/kg/day within 7 days). Control animals received an equivalent volume of solvent. In in vitro experiments, a four-channel myograph (Danish Myo Technology) was used to record the tonic activity of the aortic rings. The contraction strength of the aortic rings caused by norepinephrine (10−7 M) and carbachol (10−5 M) was recorded in isometric mode. In in vivo experiments on anesthetized rats (urethane 1300 mg/kg i.p.), blood microcirculation in the myocardium and skeletal muscle was recorded using laser Doppler flowmetry using a computerized laser analyzer "LAZMA-D" (manufactured by NPP "Lazma", Russia). When assessing microblood flow, the perfusion index (M) was calculated in perfusion units (perf.u.).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In vitro experiments have shown that under conditions of hyperhomocysteinemia caused by L-methionine, the vascular response to norepinephrine remains practically unchanged. At the same time, the vasodilating response to carbachol (10−5 M) statistically significantly decreased by 57 % (p = 0.005). In animals treated with L-NAME, not only did the response to carbochol decrease by 55 % (p = 0.009), but also the vasoconstrictor response to norepinephrine increased by 48 % (p = 0.003). Under conditions of ED caused by both hyperhomocysteinemia and L-NAME, blood microcirculation in the myocardium and skeletal muscle is significantly reduced. It has also been shown that in the conditions of the L-NAME-induced ED model, in contrast to the L-methionine-induced ED model, there is no drop in rat body weight and practically no mortality.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Thus, ED induced by both hyperhomocysteinemia and L-NAME blockade of endothelial nitric oxide synthase is accompanied by similar changes in blood microcirculation in the myocardium and skeletal muscle. However, taking into account the results of in vitro experiments, we can conclude that the model of ED induced by L-NAME seems more promising, under which, in contrast to ED induced by L-methionine, the vasodilatory response of the vessel to carbachol is not only suppressed, but also the vasoconstrictor reaction to norepinephrine is activated.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>крысы</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>микроциркуляция</kwd><kwd>сосуды</kwd><kwd>норадреналин</kwd><kwd>карбахол</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rat endothelial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>microcirculation</kwd><kwd>blood vessels</kwd><kwd>norepinephrine</kwd><kwd>carbachol</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крыжановский С.А., Цорин И.Б., Ионова Е.О. и др. Трансляционная модель хронической сердечной недостаточности у крыс. 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